Gastroenterology ; Risk factors on the development of new-onset gastroesophageal reflux symptoms. A population-based prospective cohort study: the HUNT study. Temporal trends of esophageal disorders by age in the Cerner Health Facts database.
Ann Epidemiol ;, e4. Triadafilopoulos G, Sharma R. Features of symptomatic gastroesophageal reflux disease in elderly patients. Prevalence and clinical spectrum of gastroesophageal reflux: a population-based study in Olmsted County, Minnesota. The changing epidemiology of gastroesophageal reflux disease: are patients getting younger?.
J Neurogastroenterol Motil ; Global prevalence of, and risk factors for, gastro-oesophageal reflux symptoms: a meta-analysis. Gut ; Patients younger than aged 15 years were excluded from the analysis. Secular trends of GERD proportion were assessed for each age group. This was a large nationwide database cohort study using the Explorys dataset.
Case identification was carried out using an electronic health search. The diagnosis information was obtained from multiple sources, making it a sensitive tool. Using Explorys, we examined the universal patient population in the universal dataset and compared it with the patient population of a large Healthcare system in Ohio. Patient demographics, symptoms, associated conditions, and treatments were identified using a search tool.
Cell counts in Explorys were rounded to the nearest Most demographic data in this study that were extracted from Explorys were categorical and were thus presented as counts and percentages. Differences across age groups for proportion of GERD and proportion of PPI usage in compared with were tested using a 2-way contingency table chi-square test. The Cochran-Armitage test was used to determine if there was a year-by-year trend in the proportion of GERD and PPI usage for the year period from through SAS version 9.
Table 1 shows the demographics of GERD patients using the universal Explorys dataset, that the total number of patients diagnosed with GERD in a given year between and had increased from patients to 1 patients but decreased in 1 patients and 1 patients. The increase in number of GERD patients represents a growing number of health centers using the Epic electronic medical record and their datasets were incorporated into Explorys universal.
The greatest increase in the proportion of patients with GERD was noted in the 30—39 years age group Fig. The proportion of patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease GERD by age group between and using universal Explorys dataset A and Healthcare system dataset B.
Percent of change in the proportion of patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease GERD between and using universal Explorys dataset A and Healthcare system dataset B. The proportion of patients with GERD by sex has been consistent from to However, the proportion of GERD patients in this group has decreased over time from The majority of patients with GERD were considered obese The highest increase was noted in the 30—39 years age group Fig.
The proportion of gastroesophageal reflux disease GERD patients using proton pump inhibitors by age group between and using universal Explorys dataset A and Healthcare system dataset B. Percent of change in the proportion of gastroesophageal reflux disease patients using proton pump inhibitors between and using universal Explorys dataset A and Healthcare system dataset B.
The data collected from patients affiliated with the Northern Ohio Healthcare system showed results similar to the universal dataset. The total number of GERD diagnoses in each year had increased In , the total number of patients diagnosed with GERD decreased slightly to 18 patients 2.
As previously mentioned, the total numbers represent inclusion of new Epic users into the database. The proportion of patients with GERD by sex has been fairly consistent. When viewing GERD diagnoses in a given year, the proportion ranged from There was no clear trend in GERD incidence by race.
The proportion of patients with GERD in the 60—69 years age group demonstrated a slight decrease —0. The proportion of patients with GERD in the remaining age groups showed a significant increase 15—19 years: 0. The present study is a large, population-based cohort study that examined if GERD is becoming more common among younger populations when using trend analysis.
In general, the number of patients with GERD in our study has increased over time. However, the observed numerical increase in patients in the dataset represents an increase in the number of registered institutions in Explorys. GERD has been considered to be a disease of middle aged and older subjects. The study demonstrated that the incidence of GERD-related symptoms increased with age.
There are two main approaches to treating GERD with medications: neutralizing acid and blocking its production. For neutralizing acid, over-the-counter antacid medications may subdue symptoms. Two classes of medication that suppress acid secretion are histamine-2 receptor antagonists H 2 RAs and proton pump inhibitors PPIs.
H 2 RAswork by blocking the effect of histamine, which stimulates certain cells in the stomach to produce acid. Prokinetic medications reduce reflux by increasing lower esophageal sphincter LES pressure and downward esophageal contractions. PPIswork by blocking an enzyme necessary for acid secretion.
PPIs have emerged as the most effective therapy for relieving symptoms and improving quality of life, as well as healing and preventing damage to the esophagus in persons with GERD.
When the stomach does not empty properly and digest the acid, it can cause extra pressure in the stomach resulting in an increased risk of developing GERD. A hiatal hernia causes a bulge at the top of the stomach into the diaphragm. This lowers the pressure on the LES causing reflux. Scientists believe that genetics plays a part in your risk of developing GERD. Lifestyle choices like smoking plus the foods you eat and drink all contribute to your risk for GERD.
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